In the household the most popular tool is an electric drill. Recently, very popular electric drill, called punches.
This tool allows you to not only drill a hole, but also with the use of nozzles to tighten the screws, screws, screws. Electric drill is a reliable tool and is rarely, but fails. How to troubleshoot a power drill. The basic malfunctions of an electric drill are divided into mechanical and electrical.
mechanical faults
For frequent mechanical failure can be attributed the failure of the chuck.
How to remove a cartridge with a screwdriver and replace it?
Just note, that replacement of the cartridge to an electric drill, Screwdrivers, punch exactly the same.
Reason release chuck often worn in the clamping jaws. This is the most serious failure of an electric. Without complete replacement of the chuck can not do. How to remove the cartridge from the drill will show the video.
by the way! Driven way to replace the cartridge suitable for all current models are not only drills, but also hammers, screwdrivers, since all of the construction provide just such a mounting method of the cartridge.
And here at the Soviet-made drill chuck rests on the Morse taper and turn the screw. How to remove the cartridge from the cone? You can use a bearing puller or knock down with a hammer.
Attention! Buying a new power tool with a cartridge, Always remove the cartridge and thoroughly lubricate all the contact details and thread.
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1. The procedure for replacing the jaw chuck electric drill
To disassemble an electric cable, check it off from the mains.
By means of a special key dilute chuck jaws to the highest possible position.
If you look inside the cartridge disclosed, the more often you can see the screw, intended for fastening the cam holder to the motor shaft.
Usually, screw screwed out using a Phillips screwdriver.
Remember! Thread in the locking screw left, and unscrew it by rotating the screwdriver clockwise.
Loosen the screw, insert the cartridge in place drills L-shaped hex key and hold it.
If the screw cap is erased, and you can not unscrew with a screwdriver, Proceed thus.
Take the second drill, insert the drill head diameter of the screw and proceed to drill-screw. All end up, that when drilling a screw wiggle.
Insert the open-end wrench on the motor shaft at the bottom of the chuck. there are models, in which the gap between the chuck and the housing is very small. We'll have to pick up the key or sawed in thickness. Key is required to lock the motor shaft.
In the models of earlier releases of the slots under the key on the shaft there. In this case, it is necessary to disassemble the drill body, remove one cover. Clamp both driven gear chuck shaft and cooling fan, and a sharp movement counterclockwise try to unscrew the cartridge.
But back to the option with the key.
Now, placing the drill on wooden plane and fixing the shaft by means of key, hit a wooden or rubber hammer protruding tail Allen key anticlockwise.
The cartridge is mounted on the threaded shaft.
Rotate chuck counterclockwise, remove it from the electric drill.
If there is an L-shaped hex wrench, possible to use a drill of suitable diameter, vtravlyaetsya in which one of the three openings of the clamping key.
Inspect the cartridge. At full output cams down, Replace the cartridge in the new drill. Install a new chuck to drill, performing all operations in the reverse order.
Remember! Setting the chuck, be sure to lubricate all moving parts. This is especially true of threaded connections.
This we considered the case, when it is necessary to replace the jaw chuck. But power tools are available with keyless chuck.
Keyless chuck allow you to replace the drill in seconds, without using any additional tools or equipment.
Keyless chuck divided into odnomuftovye and double box.
We design odnomuftovogo cartridge establishes a special mechanism, which locks the shaft at the time of tool exchange. Surgery to replace can be done with one hand.
We double box cartridge tool change is done with both hands. One hand holds the first sleeve, second hand twists the other clutch.
But quick-constructions are not securely hold a tool, especially in shock mode. And the use of plastics to make them often leads to breakage of cartridges.
Jaw Chuck is more reliable, and the parts used therein are made only of metal. For holding tools necessary to use the special chuck key.
Ways to remove the keyless chuck with a drill or screwdriver
The cartridge is mounted on an axis threaded and locked with a clamping screw.
Keyless chuck is removed by the same algorithm, and that the jaw chuck.
First unscrewed clockwise locking screw. If there is a shaft near the flats cartridge turnkey, having got the key into the grooves, clamped in the chuck or a lever, try to unscrew the cartridge, turning it counterclockwise.
Install a new cartridge in the reverse order.
But it is possible to repair the cartridge and
For, to view the details of the chuck, it is necessary to disassemble.
It offers a proven and reliable method of disassembling the chuck electric drill.
Take an ordinary punch, remove from it bellow and insert the adapter. The adapter can be drawn from the failed impact drill. The adapter is a drill shank with a drill part cropped.
On the adapter shaft slide holder and press it with a rubber bumper or a wooden board.
Before, installing the chuck onto the adapter, you must have the cams inside the cartridge to complete their dive.
assembled structure, include hammer in the strike mode. After 3 ... 5 seconds cartridge should understand.
Immediately necessary Marked fists and place of location of a different color.
Now you're ready for inspection and Troubleshooting Cartridge.
When cams need to be replaced by new. true, no more boring cams on the lathe can not do.
The remaining parts can be easily replaced if any.
But there are other mechanical problems
there are cases, when a failure caused by operation of an electric failure of the gearbox or the poor performance of the bearings.
2. Working with an electric gear
To get to the gearbox, it is necessary to disassemble the plastic housing of an electric.
After removing the housing cover, free holder shaft and remove it. On the shaft of the driven gear mounted larger diameter.
On the motor shaft mounted helical gear driving a small diameter.
The gear housing has a bronze bushing, often resulting in the failure of the drill. All is due to its considerable wear.
Ask bushing size and make turner. The material used bronze, but it is permissible to use and caprolon.
When replacing the bushing in the gearbox, Be sure to check the bearings, their planting density and stuffing them with grease.
At the big deterioration of gear teeth, they need to be replaced. The teeth of the gears are worn at failure of the bearing sleeve.
Most often wears a conducted gear wheel of greater diameter. Her replacement is simple, it is only necessary to remove the retaining ring and key.
Old gear must be removed from the axis of the cartridge. You can use the puller, but you can just gently bring down the hammer, substituting wooden support.
electrical faults
Now let's try to consider the specific fault electrical drill.
Most often, an electric work is interrupted due to brush wear.
1.Replacement of brushes in electric drill
To replace the brushes, remove the side cover of an electric enclosure, unscrewing the screws. There should be at least 7 pcs.
The housing is removed carefully with a screwdriver poddevaniem its edges.
Opening access to the electric motor, you will see two boxes, and in which the brushes are installed.
For, to get the brush, it is necessary to release the boxes, bend holders and get the worn brush. Similarly proceed with the second brush.
On the vacant seats set new brushes, Wipe around the contact area with a clean cloth, soaked in white spirit.
2.Repair of an electric power cord
One of the faults is unpleasant periodic stop during operation of an electric. Most often this is due to random failure of electricity supply. And the thing is, that at the entrance to the drill housing supply cable experiencing various loads, which lead to the breakage of wires.
To remedy the problem, it is necessary to remove one of the side covers of the housing. When the tester help verify the integrity of the cable.
If the cable entry location in the body damage is detected, but the cable is cut off the failed piece, It is put on a piece of cable 20 see rigid vinyl chloride pipe and the cable is put in place, followed by connecting.
To replace the button with the speed regulator is enough to remove the housing cover, disconnect the wires from the regulator. The new controller is installed in the same place and connected according to the scheme. If the scheme is not, then before you remove the old controller, you must sketch the wiring diagram.
3.Inside the case there was a spark
The appearance of arcing inside the body often leads interturn short circuit armature windings.
The second reason, arouse, contaminated surface lamella collector.
Winding short circuit can only be determined by a special device.
But the dirt from the collecting portion can be removed and independently, using fine sandpaper. After cleaning it is necessary to carefully remove dust from the slots between the contact plates, called lamellae. This is best done with the help of an old saw blade. Upon completion of work necessary to anchor the unit to check CSP.
here, perhaps, basic drills malfunction of any brand.
I wish you success!
